Jakarta Tomcat

From OptionC

Table of contents

1 Introduction

2 Base Installation

3 Installing Java

4 Installing Tomcat

5 Connecting Tomcat and Apache

6 Tomcat Manager

7 Tomcat Administrator

8 Auto Startup

9 Adding a MySQL Data Source

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Introduction

The purpose of this document is to explain how to install Apache Tomcat in a Debian VM. Apache Tomcat is the servlet container portion of the Apache Jakarta Project (http://jakarta.apache.com/tomcat). Note: There is nothing in this document that makes it Xen-specific, so it can be used directly on a physical machine.

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Base Installation

Start with a base system, such as the one detailed here. You will need to have a larger amount of diskspace -- a minimum of 512MB, ideally 1GB.

We install Apache 2 on the machine. In addition, we will need APXS so we install apache-dev.

# apt-get update
# apt-get install apache2 apache-dev

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Installing Java

Download the Java JDK (I used jdk-1_5_0_04-linux-i586.bin).

Uncompress the file and move the result to /usr/local. For simplicity, we'll create a symlink. Finally we set the JAVA_HOME environment variable.

# mv jdk1.5.0_04 /usr/local
# ln -s /usr/local/jdk1.5.0_04 /usr/local/java
# export JAVA_HOME=/usr/local/java

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Installing Tomcat

Download the Jakarta Tomcat binaries. I used version 5.5.9 (which was the latest version as of the beginning of July, 2005). Uncompress/untar the downloaded file and move the resulting directory to /usr/local.

# tar -zxvf jakarta-tomcat-5.5.9.tar.gz
# mv jakarta-tomcat-5.5.9 /usr/local

Start Tomcat (this requires the JAVA_HOME environment variable mentioned in the previous section):

# cd /usr/local/jakarta-tomcat-5.5.9/bin
# ./startup.sh

Check the log to see if things are running:

# cd ../logs
# less catalina.out

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Connecting Tomcat and Apache

We need to make Tomcat talk to Apache. This is simple using the Debian packages:

# apt-get install libapache2-mod-jk2
# /etc/init.d/apache2 force-reload

Finally, test. Point a browser to:

http://webserver:8080       (where "webserver" is the name of your webserver)

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Tomcat Manager

To allow a user access to the Tomcat Manager we need to edit the /usr/local/jakarta-tomcat-5.5.9/conf/tomcat-users.xml file.

Add the role of manager:

<role rolename="manager"/>

Add the user:

<user username="blah" password="blahblah" roles="manager"/>

Note: The user roles can be a comma-delimited list.

Restart Tomcat (in /usr/local/jakarta-tomcat-5.5.9/bin):

# ./shutdown.sh
# ./startup.sh

Now you should be able to log on to the Tomcat Manager at

http://webserver:8080/manager/html

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Tomcat Administrator

At one time the Tomcat Administrator module came as part of the Tomcat package. No more. You need to download and install it. I used version 5.5.9 (again) of the administrator.

# tar -zxvf jakarta-tomcat-5.5.9-admin.tar.gz

Merge the administrator files into the directories already created in /usr/local/jakarta-tomcat-5.5.9.

Add a user with appropriate permissions. Add the role of admin:

<role rolename="admin"/>

Add (or update) the user:

<user username="blah" password="blahblah" roles="manager,admin"/>

Restart Tomcat (in /usr/local/jakarta-tomcat-5.5.9/bin):

# ./shutdown.sh
# ./startup.sh

Now you should be able to log on to the Tomcat Manager at

http://webserver:8080/admin/

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Auto Startup

To have Tomcat auto start/stop at boot/shutdown, create the script /etc/init.d/tomcat with the following contents:

#!/bin/sh -e
#
# tomcat                This init.d script is used to start tomcat
#                       It just calls $TOMCAT_HOME/bin/startup.sh or shutdown.sh

export JAVA_HOME=/usr/local/java
export CATALINA_HOME=/usr/local/jakarta-tomcat-5.5.9
TOMCAT_HOME=/usr/local/jakarta-tomcat-5.5.9

tomcat_stop() {
        $TOMCAT_HOME/bin/shutdown.sh
}

tomcat_start() {
        $TOMCAT_HOME/bin/startup.sh
}

case $1 in
        start)
                echo -n "Starting Tomcat server:"
                tomcat_start
                echo "."
        ;;
        stop)
                echo -n "Stopping Tomcat server:"
                tomcat_stop
                echo "."
        ;;
        reload)
                echo -n "Reloading Tomcat server config..."
                tomcat_stop
                tomcat_start
                echo "done."
        ;;
        restart | force-reload)
                echo -n "Forcing reload of Tomcat server:"
                tomcat_stop
                tomcat_start
                echo "."
        ;;
        *)
                echo "Usage: /etc/init.d/tomcat start|stop|restart|reload|force-reload"
        ;;
esac

After creating the file, we need to make it executable and ensure the links are set in the /etc/rc#.d directories:

# chmod +x /etc/init.d/tomcat
# ln -s /etc/init.d/tomcat /etc/rc0.d/K91tomcat
# ln -s /etc/init.d/tomcat /etc/rc1.d/K91tomcat
# ln -s /etc/init.d/tomcat /etc/rc2.d/S91tomcat
# ln -s /etc/init.d/tomcat /etc/rc3.d/S91tomcat
# ln -s /etc/init.d/tomcat /etc/rc4.d/S91tomcat
# ln -s /etc/init.d/tomcat /etc/rc5.d/S91tomcat
# ln -s /etc/init.d/tomcat /etc/rc6.d/K91tomcat

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